ABSTRACT OF PAPER
Title: Coexistence of GM and non-GM Crops with Endogenously Determined Separation
Author: Gray Emily, Ancev Tihomir, Drynan Ross
The possibility that genetically modified (GM) crops will contaminate non-GM crops through pollen-mediated gene flow presents a challenge to coexistence of GM agriculture with conventional and organic farming systems. We develop an analytical model of coexistence to endogenously determine the efficient widths and allocations of separation distances to limit contamination of non-GM crops. To reflect the uncertainty that surrounds pollen dispersal mechanisms, the model uses a stochastic contamination function and safety rule decision mechanism, constraining the level of contamination to remain below a tolerated adventitious presence with a given probability. We consider two institutions: the adventitious presence tolerance and the system of liability rules that assigns responsibility for implementing coexistence measures to GM or non-GM farmers. The relative GM rents, rents for identity preserved non-GM crops, characteristics of farms, and possible variation in agricultural landscapes are also taken into account. Further applications of the model are explored. JEL Codes: D81; D02; C61; Q57; Q58.
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